WHAT IS HYPERGLYCEMIA: CAUSES, SYMPTOMS AND HOME REMEDIES FOR DIABETES PATIENTS

Hyperglycemia is a medical term used to describe high levels of glucose (sugar) in the bloodstream. It's most associated with diabetes mellitus, a chronic condition characterized by the body's inability to properly regulate blood sugar levels.

In diabetes, hyperglycemia occurs when the body either doesn't produce enough insulin (as in type 1 diabetes) or becomes resistant to the effects of insulin (as in type 2 diabetes). Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps glucose from food enter cells to be used for energy.

When insulin is insufficient or ineffective, glucose builds up in the bloodstream instead of being absorbed by cells, leading to elevated blood sugar levels.

Hyperglycemia can occur for various reasons, including:

Insufficient insulin: In type 1 diabetes, the body's immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, resulting in a lack of insulin production, says Bangalore-based endocrinologist Rahul Makkar. In type 2 diabetes, the body becomes resistant to the effects of insulin, and eventually, the pancreas may not be able to produce enough insulin to overcome this resistance, says Makkar.

Inadequate medication or insulin dosage: For individuals with diabetes, not taking enough insulin or oral medications, or not taking them on time, can lead to hyperglycemia.

Poor dietary choices: Consuming too many carbohydrates or sugary foods and drinks can cause blood sugar levels to spike.

Lack of physical activity: Physical activity helps the body use glucose for energy. A sedentary lifestyle can contribute to insulin resistance and elevated blood sugar levels.

Illness or stress: Illness, infection, injury, or emotional stress can trigger the release of hormones that raise blood sugar levels.

Symptoms of hyperglycemia may include increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, blurred vision, and slow wound healing, says Makkar. If left untreated, hyperglycemia can lead to serious complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS), both of which are medical emergencies.

Here are some home remedies and lifestyle changes that can help control hyperglycemia:

Dietary changes: Focus on a low-carbohydrate diet, emphasizing whole foods such as vegetables, fruits (in moderation), lean proteins, and healthy fats. Avoid sugary beverages, processed foods, and foods high in refined carbohydrates. Monitor portion sizes to avoid overeating.

Regular exercise: Engage in physical activity regularly, as it helps your body use insulin more efficiently and can lower blood sugar levels. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise most days of the week, but consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new exercise regimen.

Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout the day, as dehydration can cause blood sugar levels to rise.

Weight management: Maintain a healthy weight through a combination of diet and exercise. Losing excess weight can improve insulin sensitivity and blood sugar control.

Stress management: Practice stress-reduction techniques such as deep breathing exercises, meditation, yoga, or spending time in nature. Chronic stress can elevate blood sugar levels, so finding ways to relax and unwind is essential.

Adequate sleep: Aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep per night, as inadequate sleep can disrupt hormone levels and contribute to insulin resistance.

Monitor blood sugar levels: Regularly monitor your blood sugar levels as advised by your healthcare provider. Keeping track of your levels can help you understand how your body responds to different foods, activities, and treatments.

Herbal remedies: Some herbs and supplements, such as cinnamon, fenugreek, and chromium, may have modest effects on lowering blood sugar levels. However, it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before taking any supplements, as they may interact with medications or have side effects.

Remember, while these home remedies can be beneficial, they should not replace medical treatment or advice.

2024-05-03T03:27:47Z dg43tfdfdgfd